The therapeutic properties of the local waters have been recognized since the time of the Roman Empire, when it received the designation of sacred waters.

The water comes eight springs, being rich in bicarbonate, fluoride, silica and sodium. Are suitable for the treatment of problems in the respiratory and the digestive tract, as well as the treatment of muscle reumáticos.1 also presented problems and relaxing properties. These spring water at temperatures between 27 ° C and 31.5 ° C, possibly due to the different flow paths.

Due to it being close to the sea has a humid subtropical climate, with average annual rainfall entres 1000 and 2000 mm, which associated with mild temperatures allows for a rich and varied vegetation, which includes the oak-de-Monchique and adelfeira as well as rare species in the south, such as chestnut, oak-cerquinho or English Oak.

In this mountain there is an important thermal complex, Caldas de Monchique, surrounded by a green park where the largest magnolia in Europe. It is also to emphasize the fertility of their soils, due not only moisture, but also because of its rock, the foíte be of magmatic origin.

Several rivers and streams originate in the Serra de Monchique, including the Ribeira de Seixe, the Ribeira de Aljezur (or fence), the Ribeira de Odiáxere, the Ribeira de Monchique and the Ribeira de Beret.